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Related Concept Videos

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Polygenic Traits01:18

Polygenic Traits

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When more than one gene is responsible for a given phenotype, the trait is considered polygenic. Human height is a polygenic trait. Studies have uncovered hundreds of loci that influence height, and there are believed to be many more. Due to the high number of genes involved, as well as environmental and nutritional factors, height varies significantly within a given population. The distribution of height forms a bell-shaped curve, with relatively few individuals in the population at the...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

79
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
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Signal Acquisition, Score Interpretation, and Economics of a Non-Invasive Point-of-Care Test for Coronary Artery Disease
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Signal Acquisition, Score Interpretation, and Economics of a Non-Invasive Point-of-Care Test for Coronary Artery Disease

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Coronary Artery Disease-Based Polygenic Risk Score in Early-Onset Acute Myocardial Infarction Subtypes.

Weilai Dong1, Yuan Lu1, Shu-Xia Li1

  • 1Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

JACC. Advances
|July 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The polygenic risk score for coronary artery disease (PRS-CAD) shows varied effectiveness across acute myocardial infarction (AMI) subtypes in young adults. Its association differs by MI type but not by sex, requiring careful application.

Keywords:
acute myocardial infarctionpolygenic risk scoresubtypes

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Precision Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The polygenic risk score for coronary artery disease (PRS-CAD) is used to estimate acute myocardial infarction (AMI) risk.
  • Its accuracy across different AMI subtypes, particularly in younger populations and women, is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of PRS-CAD in various acute myocardial infarction (AMI) subtypes.
  • To assess PRS-CAD's association with 1-year outcomes in different AMI subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 2,079 AMI patients (18-55 years) and 3,761 controls from the VIRGO and MESA studies.
  • Classification of AMI subtypes using the VIRGO taxonomy.
  • Evaluation of PRS-CAD association with AMI subtypes and 1-year outcomes using logistic and Cox regression.

Main Results:

  • PRS-CAD strongly associated with MI due to coronary artery disease (OR: 1.82) but not MI with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (OR: 1.13).
  • PRS-CAD performance was consistent between sexes.
  • Higher PRS-CAD linked to increased 1-year hospitalization/death risk in MI with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (HR: 1.50).

Conclusions:

  • The association of PRS-CAD with AMI in young adults is subtype-dependent but not sex-dependent.
  • Clinical application of PRS-CAD requires careful consideration of AMI subtype and patient characteristics.