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Diagnosis and management of diastolic dysfunction in arterial hypertension

P Blanch1, R Freixa-Pamias1

  • 1Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Moisés Broggi, Sant Joan Despí, Barcelona, Spain.

Hipertension Y Riesgo Vascular
|July 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Diastolic dysfunction, common in hypertension, impairs heart filling and is linked to heart failure. New treatments show promise for this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Diastolic dysfunction (DD) impairs ventricular relaxation and filling.
  • Left ventricular DD is prevalent in hypertension, increasing morbidity and mortality, especially heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
  • Pathophysiology involves cardiac structural/functional changes, neurohormonal activation, and vascular stiffness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiological mechanisms of DD in hypertension (HTN).
  • To discuss diagnostic approaches for DD in hypertensive patients.
  • To explore emerging and potential treatments for DD and HFpEF.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pathophysiological mechanisms.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria, primarily echocardiography.
  • Evaluation of recent therapeutic advancements, including SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and finerenone.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension significantly contributes to the development of DD.
  • Echocardiography remains the cornerstone for DD diagnosis.
  • Novel pharmacological agents show potential in managing DD and HFpEF.

Conclusions:

  • DD in hypertension is a complex condition with significant clinical implications.
  • Early diagnosis and targeted treatment are crucial for improving outcomes.
  • Emerging therapies offer new hope for patients with DD and HFpEF.

Keywords:
Diastolic dysfunctionDisfunción diastólicaEchocardiographyEcocardiografíaHipertensiónHypertension

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