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Cetrimide-enhanced Calcium Hydroxide Paste: A Biocompatible and Bioactive Option for Regenerative Endodontics
Júlia Eick Iglesias1, Lucas Siqueira Pinheiro1, Gabriela Cardoso Ferreira1
1Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Introduction:
This study compared the cytotoxicity, bioactivity, and biocompatibility of calcium hydroxide paste (CHP) with or without 0.2% cetrimide in microspheres (CETm) or in pure form (CET).
Methods:
CETm or CET were added to CHP and evaluated for cytocompatibility (3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay) and bioactivity (Alizarin Red and alkaline phosphatase), using stem cells from the apical papilla. Biocompatibility was assessed by implanting polyethylene tubes containing the materials into rat subcutaneous tissue. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc was used to analyze the results of 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide, alkaline phosphatase, and Alizarin Red assays. Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's post hoc test was used for the biocompatibility test (P < .05).
Results:
All pastes exhibited cell viability above 100% and bioactivity in alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin Red assays. No abscesses, eosinophils, neutrophils, or giant cells were observed. After 90 days, all materials induced fibrous condensation, and inflammation decreased from mild to insignificant.
Conclusion:
Adding CETm or CET to CHP may offer a potential intracanal medication for regenerative endodontic procedures, demonstrating favorable biological properties.
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