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Evaluating the Immune Response of a Nanoemulsion Adjuvant Vaccine Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA Infection
Published on: September 1, 2023
Pyrogallol exhibits antimicrobial adjuvant properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis
Katharina H C Roese1, Sarah Ibrahim2, Lauren A Cooper1
1School of Biological Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford, ME 04005, USA.
Aims:
To investigate the effect of pyrogallol as an antimicrobial adjuvant against staphylococci.
Methods And Results:
We tested the effect of pyrogallol on the susceptibility of four strains of Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis to antibiotics. In minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays, pyrogallol significantly enhanced the anti-staphylococcal efficacy of linezolid against all strains and increased cefoxitin and oxacillin activity against individual strains. Given pyrogallol's prooxidant properties, we compared its effect on linezolid activity in wild-type and catalase-deficient S. aureus. Catalase-deficient bacteria exhibited greater linezolid sensitivity than wild-type (WT) in presence of pyrogallol. Antibiotic accumulation assays revealed greater intracellular linezolid concentration in S. aureus treated with pyrogallol compared to bacteria treated with linezolid alone.
Conclusions:
Pyrogallol potentiates linezolid-mediated killing of staphylococci in a manner involving oxidative stress and intra-bacterial antibiotic accumulation. Pyrogallol may have utility as an anti-staphylococcal antimicrobial adjuvant.
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