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Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

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Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
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Lanthanum Ion-Engineered Hybrid Layer Improves Dentin Bonding.

X Li1, Y Wu1, Y Lu1

  • 1Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.

Journal of Dental Research
|July 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lanthanum ion (La3+) pretreatment improves dental adhesive bonding by dehydrating dentin, inhibiting enzymes and bacteria, and stabilizing hydroxyapatite. This 20-second chairside strategy significantly enhances restoration longevity and reduces clinical failures.

Keywords:
crystallizationdehydrationdentin bondingfortificationrare earth

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials science and dental restorative materials.
  • Nanotechnology and surface modification for enhanced adhesion.

Background:

  • Dental restoration failures are costly, with patient factors and adhesive interface degradation being primary causes.
  • Degradation involves hydrated demineralized dentin matrix (DDM), soluble hydroxyapatite (HAP), and collagen breakdown by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and microbes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a synchronous strategy addressing DDM hydration, HAP dissolution, and collagen degradation in adhesive restorations.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of lanthanum ion (La3+) pretreatment for improving the adhesive-dentin interface.

Main Methods:

  • La3+ (LaCl3 solution) pretreatment of DDM before adhesive application.
  • Characterization using electron microscopy, spectroscopy (X-ray, FTIR), atomic force microscopy, and in situ zymography.
  • Assessment of bonding effectiveness via microtensile bond strength, nanoleakage, and antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans.

Main Results:

  • La3+ pretreatment induced noncollagenous protein aggregation, dehydrating DDM and enhancing adhesive infiltration.
  • MMP activity was reduced by ~100%, Streptococcus mutans growth was suppressed, and HAP was remodeled into stable Ca8La2(PO4)6O2.
  • The modified interface showed enzymatic resistance, bacterial inhibition, and structural reinforcement, leading to 77.30% higher bonding strength after thermocycling.

Conclusions:

  • La3+ pretreatment offers a trimodal intervention against adhesive interface degradation.
  • This clinically translatable 20-second protocol enhances bonding, reduces failure, and holds transformative potential for sustainable dental care.