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Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance
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Preparation of High-Performance Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells through In Situ Ion-Exchange-Controlled

Jia Li1, Jingping Gao2, Sanlong Wang2

  • 1College of Journalism and communications, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|July 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A novel in situ ion exchange (ISIE) method improves inorganic perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) by controlling crystallization and passivating defects. This approach enhances power conversion efficiency (PCE) and open-circuit voltage (VOC) in perovskite solar cells.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Photovoltaics
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • Inorganic perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) require enhanced film quality and defect passivation to boost power conversion efficiency (PCE) and open-circuit voltage (VOC).
  • Existing methods often face challenges in simultaneously controlling crystallization and passivating defects effectively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce an in situ ion exchange (ISIE) approach for synthesizing key components in IPSCs.
  • To investigate how this ISIE method influences crystallization kinetics and defect passivation.
  • To optimize the performance of inverted IPSCs.

Main Methods:

  • An in situ ion exchange (ISIE) reaction between lead acetate (Pb(Ac)2) and dimethylammonium iodide (DMAI) was employed.
  • This reaction spontaneously yields lead iodide (PbI2) and dimethylammonium acetate (DMAAc), controlling crystallization and passivating defects.
  • The ISIE approach was used to fabricate inverted IPSCs in ambient air.

Main Results:

  • The ISIE method slowed crystallization, promoting enhanced crystal growth.
  • Both PbI2 and DMAAc effectively passivated defects and improved film quality.
  • Nonradiative recombination was minimized, and energy level alignment was optimized.
  • The champion inverted IPSC achieved a PCE of 21.23%.

Conclusions:

  • The ISIE approach is a viable strategy for improving IPSC performance.
  • This method offers a pathway to high-efficiency inorganic perovskite solar cells.
  • The achieved PCE of 21.23% is among the highest reported for IPSCs.