Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 8, 2025

Visualization of Vascular Ca2+ Signaling Triggered by Paracrine Derived ROS
Published on: December 21, 2011
Superoxide Dismutases in Immune Regulation and Infectious Diseases
Tong Liu1,2, Jiajin Shang1,2, Qijun Chen1,2
1Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang 110866, China.
Abstract:
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) maintain redox homeostasis through the catalytic dismutation of superoxide anions, thereby affording protection to organisms against oxidative damage. The SOD family, encompassing Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, Fe-SOD, and Ni-SOD, exhibits structural diversity and constitutes a multilevel antioxidant defense system with discrete subcellular localizations. Beyond their antioxidant functions, SODs also function as immunomodulatory proteins, regulating the maturation, proliferation, and differentiation of immune cells. They further fulfill a crucial role in host responses to parasitic infections. The current review synthesizes and critically evaluates extant research to comprehensively delineate the molecular architecture of SODs, their intricate post-translational modification (PTM) networks, and their dual regulatory mechanisms at the interface of immunomodulation and pathological processes. This review establishes a critical framework for elucidating the biological significance of redox homeostasis maintenance.
Related Concept Videos
Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns
Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV
Antimicrobial Proteins
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Immunodeficiency Diseases
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

