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Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies
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Can Informativity Effects Be Predictability Effects in Disguise?

Vsevolod Kapatsinski1

  • 1Department of Linguistics, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1290, USA.

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|July 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Informativity, or information content, predicts speech reduction beyond local predictability. This study introduces a simulation method to distinguish genuine informativity effects from artifacts of predictability estimation in corpus linguistics.

Keywords:
corpus linguisticsinformativityphoneticspredictabilityreductionsound changeusage-based linguistics

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Area of Science:

  • Corpus Linguistics
  • Phonetics
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Corpus linguistics shows informativity predicts articulatory reduction beyond local predictability.
  • Informativity is the inverse of average predictability, reflecting information content.
  • Existing research links informativity effects to speaker sensitivity to information or memory representations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a simulation method for estimating artifactual informativity effects.
  • To differentiate genuine informativity effects from those arising from improved predictability estimates.
  • To investigate the role of noise in predictability estimates within corpus data.

Main Methods:

  • Simulation-based approach to model informativity effects.
  • Estimating the proportion of the informativity effect attributable to predictability estimation.
  • Utilizing corpus probabilities as estimates for reduction behavior probabilities.

Main Results:

  • The proposed simulation can quantify the artifactual component of informativity effects.
  • It allows for the assessment of whether an observed informativity effect is likely genuine or an artifact.
  • The method helps determine the extent to which noise in predictability estimates influences observed effects.

Conclusions:

  • A novel simulation method is presented to disentangle genuine informativity effects from estimation artifacts in corpus linguistics.
  • This approach provides a framework for robustly investigating the role of informativity in articulatory reduction.
  • The findings contribute to a more accurate understanding of how information content influences speech production.