Lung Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT): Challenging Scenarios and New Frontiers

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Radiation Oncology
• Medical Physics

Background:

• Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) is a key treatment for early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
• Treating central/ultracentral tumors near critical structures presents challenges.
• MRI-guided SBRT enhances precision and motion assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review evolving clinical applications of SBRT in lung cancer.
• To explore technical innovations and immunotherapy integration.
• To examine SBRTs role in multifocal, locally advanced, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of current literature on SBRT in lung cancer.
• Analysis of technical advancements, including MRI-guidance.
• Evaluation of SBRT combined with chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

Main Results:

• SBRT shows efficacy in early-stage, multifocal, and locally advanced NSCLC.
• MRI-guided SBRT improves targeting accuracy for challenging tumors.
• SBRT combined with immunotherapy demonstrates promising tumor control and immune response.
• SBRT is emerging as a palliative and potentially curative option for SCLC.

Conclusions:

• SBRT is a versatile and evolving treatment for various lung cancer types.
• Technological innovations and immunotherapy integration are expanding SBRTs utility.
• Personalized approaches and ongoing advancements promise to enhance SBRTs role in lung cancer management.