Precision of the Fully Digital 3D Treatment Plan in Orthognathic Surgery

Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of implementing a virtual treatment plan in orthognathic surgery. Methods: The study included 30 patients (11 males and 19 females with a mean age of 23.7 years) with a digital surgical plan. All patients underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery: LeFort I osteotomy of the maxilla combined with bilateral split sagittal osteotomy (BSSO) of the mandible. Eleven landmarks on the pre-surgical (planned) model and the same landmarks on the post-surgical model were used for comparison and linear difference measurements between the real and predicted outcomes in all three planes-transversal, sagittal, and vertical. Results: All median values fell within the 2 mm range in the transversal plane, and the mean displacement was 0.57 mm. In the sagittal and vertical planes, the treatment outcome in the maxilla was more precise than in the mandible. The mean displacement in the sagittal plane was -0.88 mm and that in the vertical plane was 0.44 mm. All deviations were less than 2 mm. Conclusions: The data obtained in this study show that the digital surgical plan for orthognathic surgery is clinically reliable in all planes.