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Non-Invasive Telemonitoring in Heart Failure: A Systematic Review
Patrick A Kwaah1, Emmanuel Olumuyide2, Kassem Farhat1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Waterbury, CT 06708, USA.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|July 30, 2025
Summary
Non-invasive telemonitoring for heart failure (HF) shows mixed results on patient outcomes. Future research should focus on patient engagement and tailored strategies to improve its effectiveness in managing HF.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology and Digital Health
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Heart failure (HF) is a significant global health concern with increasing prevalence and high healthcare costs.
- Non-invasive telemonitoring is a potential tool for managing HF, but its clinical effectiveness requires further clarification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating non-invasive telemonitoring for heart failure.
- To assess the impact of telemonitoring on mortality, readmission rates, and quality of life (QoL) in HF patients.
- To characterize the heterogeneity of telemonitoring intervention features.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of 32 RCTs published between 2004 and 2024, including 13,294 participants.
- Analysis focused on telemonitoring efficacy for HF mortality, readmissions, and QoL.
- Characterization of telemonitoring modalities, feedback frequency, clinician review triggers, and patient engagement levels.
Main Results:
- Non-invasive telemonitoring demonstrated mixed effects on mortality, readmission rates, and QoL in heart failure patients.
- Mobile applications were the most common interface (53%), with periodic feedback (63%) and event-triggered clinician reviews (44%) being prevalent.
- Most telemonitoring designs featured passive patient roles (90%) and showed low patient engagement.
Conclusions:
- Telemonitoring interventions for HF vary significantly in design and duration, often with limited patient engagement.
- Further research is needed to identify patient subgroups that respond best to telemonitoring.
- Refining telemonitoring strategies is crucial to effectively complement traditional heart failure care.
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