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When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
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Noninvasive Analysis of Biological Components Using Simplified Mid-Infrared Photothermal Deflection Spectroscopy.

Hiroto Ito1, Saiko Kino1, Yuji Matsuura1

  • 1Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-05 Aoba, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 30, 2025
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Summary

We created a new photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PTDS) system for analyzing biological tissues noninvasively. This horizontal optical path setup offers improved measurement reproducibility for real-time biological sample analysis.

Keywords:
infrared spectroscopynoninvasive diagnosisphotothermal deflection spectroscopyphotothermal spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Spectroscopy
  • Noninvasive Sensing Technologies

Background:

  • Photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PTDS) is a technique used for analyzing materials.
  • Conventional PTDS systems often involve complex optical alignment procedures.
  • Noninvasive analysis of biological tissues requires sensitive and reproducible measurement techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a simplified photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PTDS) system for noninvasive biological tissue analysis.
  • To assess the characteristic infrared absorption features of biological samples using PTDS.
  • To compare the measurement reproducibility of horizontal and total reflection optical paths in PTDS.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel PTDS system utilizing a horizontal probe laser path.
  • Irradiation of biological samples with pulse-modulated mid-infrared light to induce thermal deflection.
  • Measurement of PTDS spectra for characteristic infrared absorption.
  • Comparative analysis of measurement reproducibility between horizontal and total reflection configurations.

Main Results:

  • The developed PTDS system enables noninvasive analysis of biological tissues.
  • Characteristic infrared absorption spectra of biological samples were successfully measured.
  • The horizontal optical path configuration demonstrated superior measurement reproducibility compared to the total reflection path, particularly for intermittent wrist measurements.

Conclusions:

  • The novel horizontal optical path PTDS system offers a simplified and more reproducible method for noninvasive biological tissue analysis.
  • This technique holds potential for characterizing biological samples based on their infrared absorption properties.
  • The improved reproducibility makes the system suitable for practical applications, including in vivo measurements.