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Related Concept Videos

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters01:28

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

192
Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
192
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry01:20

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry

267
Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
267
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area01:23

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area

1.0K
Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are...
1.0K
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Physicochemical Parameters01:22

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Physicochemical Parameters

437
The physicochemical characteristics of drugs play a crucial role in formulating stable and bioavailable drug products. The solubility of a drug, governed by the varying pH along the GI tract and its dissociation constant (pKa), is pivotal in determining its ionization state and absorption rate. Notably, weak acids and bases remain unionized and are absorbed more rapidly.
Enhanced drug absorption can be achieved by reducing particle sizes and increasing surface areas, thereby facilitating...
437
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

404
Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
404

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks
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Behavior of Aqueous Medicated Inks on Porous Tablet Surfaces.

Krisztina Ludasi1, Anna Sass1, Katalin Kristó1

  • 1Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.

Pharmaceutics
|July 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Drug printing offers personalized therapy by optimizing tablet manufacturing. Ink viscosity and surface tension significantly impact printing accuracy and dosing, with a target surface tension of 30 mN/m recommended for inkjet applications.

Keywords:
inkjet printinglabelingpersonalized medicineporous substratestablets

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Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks
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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Technology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Tablets remain the primary oral solid dosage form despite technological advancements.
  • Current manufacturing methods limit personalized treatment and adaptable dosing.
  • Drug printing presents a viable strategy for advancing personalized therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of ink viscosity and surface tension on printing pattern formation.
  • To examine how substrate tablet porosity affects ink behavior during printing.

Main Methods:

  • Substrate tablets were prepared using spray-dried mannitol and magnesium stearate.
  • Brilliant Blue dye served as a model drug in the ink formulation.
  • Ink formulations were applied to substrates in varying quantities.

Main Results:

  • Increased viscosity improved drug content and pattern accuracy but reduced dosing accuracy.
  • Viscosity had a greater impact than surface tension on ink behavior.
  • Lower surface tension enhanced dosing accuracy and reduced drying time but decreased pattern accuracy.
  • Reduced substrate porosity increased drying time and decreased pattern accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • A surface tension of approximately 30 mN/m is suggested for optimal inkjet printing.
  • Further research is needed on high-viscosity, low-surface-tension inks, including active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).