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A Cross-Sectional Survey to Identify Current Pneumococcal Vaccination Practices and Barriers in Rural Community

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Rural community pharmacies commonly offer pneumococcal vaccines, improving access. Key barriers include patient beliefs and inadequate reimbursement, highlighting opportunities to boost vaccination rates, especially with updated guidelines.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pharmacy Practice
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Pneumococcal vaccination rates in the US are suboptimal, particularly for high-risk adults aged 19-64.
  • Community pharmacies enhance vaccine access, especially in rural settings.
  • This study examines pneumococcal immunization services in rural pharmacies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Describe pneumococcal immunization services in rural community pharmacies.
  • Assess patient eligibility determination processes.
  • Identify barriers to pneumococcal vaccination services.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional survey distributed to rural community pharmacies in the southeastern US.
  • Survey assessed vaccines offered, age groups, prescription requirements, and eligibility determination.
  • Participants rated patient-related and organizational barriers to vaccination.

Main Results:

  • 96.8% of surveyed pharmacies offered pneumococcal vaccines, primarily PCV20.
  • Vaccinations were often given upon request (98.9%) or with a prescription (82.4%), with limited proactive outreach (17.6%).
  • Patient belief of vaccine unnecessity and inadequate reimbursement were major barriers.

Conclusions:

  • Rural community pharmacies are vital for pneumococcal immunization access.
  • Strategies to optimize vaccine uptake are needed, especially considering updated age-based recommendations.
  • Addressing patient beliefs and reimbursement issues can improve vaccination rates.