Exploring the Implementation of Community Pharmacist-Initiated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Post-Exposure...

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Pharmacology
• Health Policy

Background:

• North Carolina authorized pharmacists to dispense HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in 2022 via a statewide protocol.
• A survey assessed community pharmacists' knowledge, acceptability, and feasibility regarding pharmacist-initiated HIV PEP.
• Barriers and facilitators to implementing this new service were also evaluated.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate North Carolina community pharmacists' understanding and willingness to dispense HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) under a statewide protocol.
• To identify barriers and facilitators impacting the implementation of pharmacist-initiated HIV PEP.
• To inform future strategies for expanding access to HIV prevention services.

Main Methods:

• An online survey was distributed to practicing North Carolina community pharmacists.
• Data collection occurred between March and April 2025, with descriptive statistics reported.
• The survey assessed awareness, knowledge, willingness, perceived benefits, and barriers related to dispensing HIV PEP.

Main Results:

• Of 447 eligible respondents, 50% were unaware of the statewide protocol for dispensing HIV PEP.
• While 48.5% felt slightly knowledgeable about HIV PEP regimens, 68.7% were willing to initiate it.
• Key barriers included lack of time, staff, training, and financial reimbursement.

Conclusions:

• Most North Carolina pharmacists are willing to dispense HIV PEP, despite limited awareness of the protocol.
• Enhanced insurance coverage for pharmacist services and comprehensive training are crucial for successful implementation.
• Pharmacist-initiated HIV PEP has the potential to increase community access to preventative care and reduce HIV transmission.