Complications of T-tube drainage of the common bile duct

The complications associated with T-tube drainage of the common bile duct following biliary surgery were studied prospectively. A high rate of complications especially associated with T-tube removal was found. Biliary leakage and bacteraemia were the two main problems though in most cases caused minimal clinical upset. Alternatives to T-tube drainage are discussed. It is suggested that if T-tubes are to be used broad spectrum antibiotic cover should be employed at the time of removal.