The Cardiohepatic Axis in Cirrhosis.

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Hepatology
• Cardiohepatic Axis

Background:

• Cardiac dysfunction is a frequent complication of cirrhosis, affecting contractility and electrophysiology.
• The cardiohepatic axis, involving liver-heart interactions, is crucial in understanding disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the complex interactions of the cardiohepatic axis in liver disease.
• To elucidate the mechanisms by which liver disease impairs cardiac function.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on the cardiohepatic axis.
• Analysis of molecular, structural, and clinical aspects of cardiac dysfunction in cirrhosis.

Main Results:

• Portal hypertension, systemic inflammation, hemodynamic shifts, and neurohormonal changes contribute to cardiac dysfunction.
• Diagnosis is challenging due to subclinical presentation, but advanced imaging and biomarkers aid detection.
• Cardiac dysfunction significantly impacts patients with decompensated cirrhosis and myocardial stress.

Conclusions:

• Orthotopic liver transplantation is the most effective treatment, often leading to cardiovascular recovery.
• A multidisciplinary approach involving cardiologists, hepatologists, and transplant surgeons is essential for optimal patient management.