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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

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This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
In gastric emptying studies, a meal's liquid and...
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Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
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Lower GI Series: Barium Enema01:23

Lower GI Series: Barium Enema

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A Barium Enema, or a lower GI series, is a specialized radiographic examination designed to visualize the lower gastrointestinal tract, specifically the colon and rectum. This procedure is instrumental in diagnosing various conditions such as colorectal cancer, polyps, diverticulosis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
Procedure Details
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Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy01:28

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy

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Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers,...
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Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

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Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
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Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Structured Approach to Colonoscopy Technique Optimization: A Single-Center Experience with Novice Endoscopists
03:43

Structured Approach to Colonoscopy Technique Optimization: A Single-Center Experience with Novice Endoscopists

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CT colonography: revisited after 30 years.

Mehdi Cadi1,2, Charles André Cuenod3, Philippe A Grenier4

  • 1Department of Radiology, Paris Cité University, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Georges Pompidou University Hospital, Paris, France. mehdi.cadi@aphp.fr.

Insights Into Imaging
|July 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Computed tomography colonography (CTC), or virtual colonoscopy, matches optical colonoscopy for detecting colorectal cancer and polyps. Emerging indications include surgical planning and staging for advanced cancers.

Keywords:
CT colonographyCancer screeningDiverticular diseaseIncomplete colonoscopyLaparoscopic surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Radiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Computed tomography colonography (CTC), or virtual colonoscopy, is a minimally invasive imaging technique.
  • Extensive research demonstrates CTC's performance is comparable to optical colonoscopy (OC).
  • Despite proven efficacy, CTC is underutilized in some regions, while widely adopted in others.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of CTC acquisition, analysis, and reporting.
  • To update and highlight new, potential, and emerging indications for CTC.
  • To emphasize CTC's evolving role in colorectal cancer management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical data on CTC.
  • Analysis of current practices in CTC acquisition, image postprocessing, and interpretation.
  • Identification and categorization of established and novel CTC applications.

Main Results:

  • CTC is highly sensitive and specific for detecting colorectal cancers and significant polyps (≥10 mm).
  • New indications include use after incomplete OC, for elderly/fragile patients, and when OC is refused.
  • CTC is valuable for local colon cancer staging, surgical planning, and assessing diverticular disease.

Conclusions:

  • CTC offers comparable detection rates to OC for advanced adenomas and early colorectal cancer.
  • CTC serves as a comprehensive tool for preoperative planning, including detailed vascular mapping.
  • CTC's role in radiological staging is growing, particularly with the advent of neoadjuvant therapies for advanced colorectal cancer.