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Understanding frailty in aging: a multidimensional perspective from Northern Iran.
Masoud Gharib1, Zahra Khalili2, Shahab Papi3
1Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
BMC Geriatrics
|July 31, 2025
Summary
Frailty affects over half of older adults in Sari, Iran. Key factors include age, low income, and health conditions, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- The global population is aging, increasing the prevalence of frailty in older adults.
- Frailty poses a significant health concern, yet data on its prevalence and determinants in community-dwelling older adults in Iran is limited.
- This study addresses the knowledge gap by investigating frailty among older adults in Sari, Iran.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of frailty among older adults in Sari, Iran.
- To identify demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related factors associated with frailty in this population.
- To inform targeted interventions for frailty prevention and management.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 368 individuals aged 60 and above, selected via multi-stage sampling.
- Data collection using a structured demographic questionnaire and the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI).
- Statistical analysis including descriptive statistics, bivariate tests, and linear regression to identify frailty predictors.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of frailty was found to be 54.9% in the study population.
- Significant predictors of higher frailty scores included advanced age, lower income, dissatisfaction with living environment, hospitalization history, comorbidities, and specific diseases (respiratory, digestive, joint, lipid disorders).
- Experiencing the death of loved ones and severe illness were also associated with increased frailty.
Conclusions:
- Frailty is highly prevalent in older adults in Sari, Iran, influenced by a combination of factors.
- Demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related factors play a crucial role in the development of frailty.
- Interventions addressing social support, financial stability, and physical activity are recommended to mitigate frailty and improve the quality of life for Iran's aging population.
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