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Perinatal Depression Screening in the Pediatric Emergency Department.

Naomi Abe1,2, Lukas Austin-Page1,2, Elizabeth Chang1,2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla.

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|August 1, 2025
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Pediatric emergency departments (PEDs) can identify parents with perinatal depression (PND) through screening. Many parents screened positive, highlighting the need for universal PND screening in PEDs.

Keywords:
emergency health servicesinfant health servicesmental health

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
  • Maternal Mental Health
  • Public Health Screening

Background:

  • Perinatal depression (PND) is linked to increased child healthcare use.
  • Current PND screening methods are suboptimal.
  • Screening parents during infant visits to pediatric emergency departments (PEDs) may improve detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize parents with positive PND screens in the PED.
  • To assess the prevalence of PND screening in parents visiting the PED.
  • To determine factors associated with positive PND screens and lack of prior screening.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective survey study of parents with infants (<12 months) in a tertiary PED.
  • Inclusion of English and Spanish-speaking parents; exclusion of those with infants requiring stabilization.
  • Use of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) with a score of 10 considered positive.

Main Results:

  • 27.7% of 452 parents screened positive for PND.
  • Asian/Asian American parents and those with a history of mental health conditions were more likely to screen positive.
  • One in three parents reported no prior PND screening, indicating a significant gap.

Conclusions:

  • PED visits present a valuable opportunity for PND screening, especially for high-risk, previously unscreened parents.
  • The high rate of positive screens across diverse parent groups supports universal screening in PEDs.
  • There is an urgent need to address screening gaps and improve PND detection in this setting.