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Qualitative Identification of Carboxylic Acids, Boronic Acids, and Amines Using Cruciform Fluorophores

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Formaldehyde sensing by fluorescent organic sensors.

Rossella Santonocito¹, Andrea Pappalardo^1,2, Nunzio Tuccitto¹

¹Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy. giuseppe.trusso@unict.it.

Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry

|August 1, 2025

Summary

Developing sensitive optical sensors is crucial for detecting toxic formaldehyde. This review highlights recent advancements in formaldehyde detection, focusing on sensor performance and future improvements for practical applications.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Analytical Chemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Formaldehyde is a toxic environmental pollutant with adverse effects on ecosystems and human health.
Accurate and rapid detection methods for formaldehyde are essential for environmental monitoring and safety.
Optical sensors offer practical, fast, and user-friendly solutions for formaldehyde detection.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in optical sensors for formaldehyde detection.
To evaluate and compare the sensing properties (sensitivity, selectivity, limit of detection) of various formaldehyde detection systems.
To discuss the efficiency of detection mechanisms and the optical performance of different fluorophores used in these sensors.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature review of recent studies on optical formaldehyde sensors.
Analysis and comparison of sensor performance metrics including sensitivity, selectivity, and limit of detection.
Evaluation of detection mechanisms and the photophysical properties of fluorophores employed in sensing.

Main Results:

Recent optical sensor developments show promising improvements in sensitivity and selectivity for formaldehyde detection.
A comparative analysis of different sensing strategies and fluorophores reveals varying efficiencies in detection.
Key performance indicators such as limit of detection have been significantly enhanced in state-of-the-art sensors.

Conclusions:

Optical sensors represent a powerful tool for effective formaldehyde detection.
Further research is needed to overcome current limitations and achieve an ideal formaldehyde sensor with superior performance.
Future perspectives focus on enhancing sensor selectivity, sensitivity, and response time for real-world applications.