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Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Impact of Mechanical Ventilation on Diaphragm Function and Patient Outcomes
05:51

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Impact of Mechanical Ventilation on Diaphragm Function and Patient Outcomes

Published on: November 3, 2023

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Mechanical ventilation-associated complications and comorbidities in children admitted at pediatric intensive care

Amany Mohammed El-Rebigi1, Amany Nagah Fekry2, Maha A Elfaramawy1

  • 1Department of Pediatric and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.

Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine
|August 1, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Adverse events (AEs) affect nearly a quarter of children on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), with ventilator-associated pneumonia being most common. Non-respiratory admissions, longer ventilation, and comorbidities predict AEs.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
  • Respiratory Therapy
  • Clinical Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Mechanical ventilation (MV) is crucial for critically ill children.
  • MV use in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) carries risks of adverse events (AEs).
  • Understanding AE predictors is vital for improving patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and types of AEs in children receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).
  • To identify comorbidities and clinical factors associated with MV-related AEs in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cross-sectional study of pediatric patients in a PICU (January 2021-December 2023).
  • Data collected included demographics, clinical findings, comorbidities, ventilator settings, complications, and outcomes.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analyzed predictors of MV-related AEs.

Main Results:

  • 24.1% of pediatric patients experienced at least one AE during IMV.
  • Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was the most frequent AE (13%), followed by postextubation stridor (7.9%) and air-leak syndrome (6%).
  • Nonrespiratory admission causes, prolonged MV duration, and comorbidities were significant predictors of AEs.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric patients on IMV have a substantial incidence of AEs, notably VAP.
  • Nonrespiratory indications for ventilation, extended MV duration, and pre-existing comorbidities are key risk factors for AEs.
  • Targeting these factors may reduce adverse outcomes in mechanically ventilated children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Childrencomorbiditiescomplicationsmechanical ventilationpediatric intensive care unit

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