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Functional Changes Associated With the Subcellular Localization of the Nuclear Receptor NR4A1.
Yoshimitsu Kiriyama1,2, Akira Nakatsuma1, Hiroshi Tokumaru1
1Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Takamatsu 769-2193, Kagawa, Japan.
Biochemistry Research International
|August 1, 2025
Summary
Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1) is a key protein regulating gene expression, cellular processes, and disease. This review details NR4A1
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1), also known as NUR77, NGFI-B, or TR3, is a crucial member of the nuclear receptor superfamily.
- NR4A1 exhibits dynamic subcellular localization, shuttling between the nucleus and cytoplasm, influenced by post-translational modifications like phosphorylation and SUMOylation.
Purpose of the Study:
- This review synthesizes current knowledge on the subcellular localization and diverse molecular functions of NR4A1.
- To highlight NR4A1's roles in gene expression, protein interactions, and cellular signaling pathways.
Main Methods:
- This review is based on a comprehensive literature search and analysis of existing research on NR4A1.
- Key findings from studies investigating NR4A1's localization, DNA binding, protein interactions, and involvement in cellular processes were synthesized.
Main Results:
- NR4A1 regulates gene expression in the nucleus by direct DNA binding and influencing transcription factors.
- In the cytoplasm, NR4A1 impacts beta-catenin stabilization, crucial for tumorigenesis.
- NR4A1 is implicated in LPS-induced inflammasome activation, autophagy, and apoptosis in mitochondria and ER.
Conclusions:
- NR4A1 possesses multifaceted roles, acting as a critical regulator in both nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments.
- Understanding NR4A1's localization and function is vital for elucidating its involvement in various physiological and pathological processes, including cancer and inflammation.
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