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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
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Probiotic-derived postbiotics: a perspective on next-generation therapeutics.

Veilumuthu Pattapulavar1, Sathiyabama Ramanujam2, Bhagyashree Kini1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India.

Frontiers in Nutrition
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Postbiotics, beneficial microbial metabolites, offer a promising, stable alternative to probiotics for gut health. They show potential in managing various health conditions by supporting immunity and metabolism.

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dysbiosisgut microbiomeimmunomodulationnext-generation therapeuticspostbiotics

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Metabolic Science

Background:

  • The gut microbiome is crucial for host health, with dysbiosis linked to diseases like cancer and IBD.
  • Probiotics are used for microbial balance but face challenges like inconsistent colonization and gene transfer.
  • Postbiotics, non-viable microbial metabolites, emerge as a safer, effective alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on postbiotics as a therapeutic alternative to probiotics.
  • To summarize the properties and applications of key postbiotic classes.
  • To discuss advancements in postbiotic formulation and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on postbiotics and their therapeutic potential.
  • Analysis of exopolysaccharides, cell-free supernatants, short-chain fatty acids, and bacteriocins.
  • Examination of formulation techniques like encapsulation for enhanced stability.

Main Results:

  • Postbiotics exhibit immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-cancer effects.
  • Formulation strategies like encapsulation improve postbiotic stability and bioavailability.
  • Key postbiotic classes include exopolysaccharides, SCFAs, and bacteriocins.

Conclusions:

  • Postbiotics represent a sustainable, non-viable, and functionally rich therapeutic option.
  • Further research is needed to standardize composition, clarify mechanisms, and assess safety.
  • Postbiotics align with global health goals for safer, scalable health solutions.