The Prevalence and Incidence of Fencing Injuries and Associated Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Stephen C Y Wong1, Jeremy R Chang2, Lloyd L Y Chan3
1Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Summary
Fencing injuries are common in both able-bodied and wheelchair athletes. More research is needed to understand the specific risk factors for these injuries.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Biomechanics
- Injury Epidemiology
Background:
- Fencing injuries represent a significant concern for athletes.
- Understanding injury patterns in both able-bodied fencers (AFs) and wheelchair fencers (WFs) is crucial for prevention.
- Existing literature lacks a comprehensive summary of injury prevalence, incidence, and associated factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of fencing injuries.
- To differentiate findings between able-bodied fencers and wheelchair fencers.
- To identify gaps in current research regarding fencing-related injuries.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across seven databases up to June 30, 2023.
- Two independent reviewers screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias.
- Meta-analyses were performed, and the quality of evidence for risk factors was evaluated using GRADE criteria.
Main Results:
- Nineteen studies involving 1151 able-bodied fencers and 14 wheelchair fencers were included, with overall low to moderate methodological quality.
- The prevalence of fencing injuries in able-bodied fencers ranged widely from 51.5% to 92.8%.
- Identified risk factors included older age, more experience, and lower Functional Movement Screen scores in nonprofessional able-bodied fencers, while male sabreurs, higher competitive levels, and fitness programs were associated with injuries in able-bodied fencers. Poor trunk control was a risk factor for wheelchair fencers.
Conclusions:
- This review highlights a high prevalence and incidence of fencing injuries in both able-bodied and wheelchair fencers.
- There is insufficient evidence regarding specific risk factors, necessitating prospective studies.
- Future research should focus on environmental, physical, and psychological factors, as well as injury mechanisms in fencing.
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