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Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview01:02

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Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for...
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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
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Standardized In Vivo Method Using High-Resolution Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy for Evaluating Sunscreen

Rita Touti1, Pascale Renoux1, Hicham Nocairi1

  • 1L'oréal Research and Innovation, Chevilly-Larue, France.

Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine
|August 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Accurate sunscreen evaluation requires precise measurement methods. Using high-resolution spectroscopy ensures reliable protection assessment against UVA and high-energy visible light (HEV), unlike interpolation methods.

Keywords:
high‐resolution diffuse reflectance spectroscopysunscreening agentsultraviolet Avisible light

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Photoprotection
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Standardized sunscreen evaluation is crucial for effective protection against ultraviolet (UV) and high-energy visible (HEV) light.
  • Individual skin phototypes and conditions necessitate tailored sun protection strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate methodological considerations for standardized sunscreen performance evaluation.
  • To assess protection against UVA, particularly long UVA1, and HEV light.

Main Methods:

  • An in vivo study involving 15 subjects evaluated 6 commercial sunscreens.
  • Hybrid diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (HDRS) with 1 nm steps (310-450 nm) was employed.
  • Results were compared to a linear interpolation method using four discrete wavelengths (365, 405, 435, 450 nm).

Main Results:

  • High-resolution spectral analysis (1 nm steps) provided consistent sunscreen rankings.
  • Linear interpolation from discrete wavelengths led to inconsistent rankings and misclassification.
  • Discrepancies were noted in the 380-400 nm range, impacting protection assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy with nanometer-level measurements accurately determines sunscreen absorption profiles in UVA and HEV ranges.
  • Sunscreen performance characterization is methodology-dependent.
  • Linear interpolation from broader wavelength bands can yield inaccurate results.