RNF144A and RNF144B: Important molecules for health

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
• Cellular Biology
• Pathophysiology

Background:

• RNF144 family proteins (RNF144A, RNF144B) are RING-between-RING ubiquitin E3 ligases.
• These proteins are crucial regulators of protein ubiquitination.
• Existing research highlights their distinct roles in disease, but a comprehensive synthesis is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and synthesize current knowledge on RNF144A/B.
• To elucidate their molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological significance across diseases.
• To identify knowledge gaps and therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search on PubMed using keywords: "RNF144," "RNF144A," "RNF144B," "PIR2," "IBRDC2," "P53RFP."
• Critical analysis of structural characteristics, substrate interactions, and signaling pathways.
• Review of evidence across various disease systems.

Main Results:

• RNF144A/B play dual roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis and contributing to disease pathogenesis.
• Evidence regarding their specific molecular functions and substrate interactions is consolidated.
• Distinct pathophysiological roles across different disease contexts are examined.

Conclusions:

• This review consolidates current understanding of RNF144A/B functions and disease relevance.
• Key knowledge gaps, including isoform-specific functions, require further investigation.
• Potential for therapeutic targeting of RNF144A/B in disease is highlighted.