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Unpacking tick-boxes: considerations and recommendations for collecting, analysing, and interpreting ethnicity data
Esther S Yao1, Kane Meissel2, Polly Atatoa Carr3
1School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand
|August 4, 2025
Summary
Quantitative ethnicity research requires careful data handling due to its complex nature. This review offers guidance for ethical and robust ethnicity data collection and analysis, prioritizing data sovereignty.
Area of Science:
- Social Sciences
- Health Research
- Quantitative Methodology
Background:
- Ethnicity is a complex, multifaceted variable in research.
- Quantitative ethnicity data presents unique challenges in collection and classification.
- Methodological choices significantly influence research outcomes and policy implications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically review the conceptualization and sociohistorical context of ethnicity.
- To discuss methodological issues in collecting and analyzing ethnicity data, focusing on Aotearoa New Zealand.
- To provide guidance and recommendations for quantitative researchers on ethical ethnicity data use.
Main Methods:
- Critical literature review.
- Analysis of conceptual and sociohistorical aspects of ethnicity.
- Examination of methodological challenges in ethnicity data collection and analysis.
Main Results:
- Ethnicity data requires careful consideration due to its subjective and political nature.
- Methodological decisions in ethnicity research impact findings and applications.
- Guidance is provided for ethical, equitable, and robust quantitative research involving ethnicity.
Conclusions:
- Researchers must be critical and reflexive when handling ethnicity data.
- Upholding data sovereignty for Indigenous and minoritized groups is crucial.
- This review equips researchers to conduct scientifically informed and ethical ethnicity research.
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