Numerical Analysis of Temperature Rise Characteristics of Parallel Serpentine Channel Lithium Battery Modules
Hailong Zhu1, Peicheng Shi1, Xinlong Dong1
1School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China.
ACS Omega
|August 4, 2025
Summary
Optimizing liquid cooling systems for lithium-ion batteries is vital for safety. A novel parallel serpentine channel design significantly improved cooling efficiency and thermal uniformity in battery packs.
Area of Science:
- Battery thermal management
- Energy storage systems engineering
- Computational fluid dynamics
Background:
- Lithium-ion batteries are critical for energy storage and electric vehicles.
- Effective thermal management is essential to prevent thermal runaway and ensure safety.
- Current cooling systems face challenges with efficiency and uniform temperature distribution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design and evaluate an optimized parallel serpentine channel liquid cooling plate.
- To enhance coolant flow efficiency and heat exchange capacity in battery packs.
- To identify the optimal configuration for improved thermal performance.
Main Methods:
- Numerical simulations using Ansys Fluent and AMEsim for a 280 Ah lithium-ion battery.
- Development of a thermal model based on established physical principles (Bernardi's heat generation, conservation equations).
- Experimental investigation of battery pack temperature distribution under various discharge rates (1, 1.5, 2 C) and cooling plate layouts.
Main Results:
- The second layout of the parallel serpentine channel demonstrated superior cooling performance.
- Enhanced thermal uniformity was achieved with the optimized cooling plate design.
- Increased coolant flow rate effectively reduced maximum battery temperatures, especially at higher discharge rates (2 C).
Conclusions:
- The optimized parallel serpentine channel liquid cooling plate significantly improves battery pack thermal management.
- The proposed design enhances both the safety and performance of lithium-ion battery systems.
- This study provides a viable solution for addressing thermal challenges in high-power battery applications.
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