Ergonomics of 3D-Exoscope Versus the Operating Microscope in Otologic Surgery.

Area of Science:

• Surgical Technology
• Ergonomics
• Otologic Surgery

Background:

• Otologists face high rates of work-related musculoskeletal disorders.
• The operating microscope often causes prolonged, awkward postures.
• Robotic 3D-exoscopes offer a potential ergonomic solution.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the ergonomic risks of 3D-exoscopes versus operating microscopes in otologic surgery.
• To assess surgeon-reported strain and workload with both devices.

Main Methods:

• Prospective, single-center ergonomic analysis.
• Otolaryngologists performed major otologic surgery using either a 3D-exoscope or operating microscope.
• Ergonomic risk assessed via Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and NASA Task Load Index questionnaire.

Main Results:

• The 3D-exoscope group had significantly lower mean RULA scores (4.0) than the microscope group (5.9).
• Surgeons reported less physical strain, effort, and weakness with the 3D-exoscope.
• Image quality, usability, and educational value of the 3D-exoscope were rated positively.

Conclusions:

• 3D-exoscopes are more ergonomically favorable for major otologic surgery.
• Further research and development are needed to optimize surgical ergonomics.
• Findings may inform ergonomic improvements in other surgical specialties.