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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
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CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR

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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 12, 2025

Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen for Unveiling Radiosensitive and Radioresistant Genes
08:32

Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen for Unveiling Radiosensitive and Radioresistant Genes

Published on: May 23, 2025

464

CRISPR-based genetic tools for the study of host-microbe interactions.

Martin Echavarria Galindo1, Yong Lai1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Infection and Immunity
|August 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary

CRISPR genetic tools offer powerful ways to study host-microbe interactions. These advanced technologies enhance our understanding of the microbiome

Keywords:
CRISPRgenetic toolshost-microbe interactions

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Host-microbe interactions are crucial for health and disease.
  • Understanding these interactions requires advanced genetic tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of CRISPR-based genetic tools for studying host-microbe interactions.
  • To highlight the applications, insights, and limitations of these tools.

Main Methods:

  • CRISPR screens for high-throughput analysis.
  • Targeted genome editing in host and microbial cells.
  • CRISPR recording systems for dynamic studies.
  • In vivo studies in animal models.
  • Integration with single-cell RNA sequencing.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR tools enable efficient and accurate exploration of the microbiome.
  • Gained insights into host defense, microbial pathogenesis, and essential genes.
  • Facilitated in vivo studies of host-microbe dynamics.
  • Advanced understanding of the microbiome's role in health and disease.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR technology is revolutionizing host-microbe interaction research.
  • Future advancements promise even more sophisticated genetic toolkits.
  • These tools are vital for identifying novel therapeutic targets for related diseases.