Research progress on protein-based unary, binary, and ternary encapsulation systems: A review.

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Drug Delivery Systems
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Protein-based encapsulation systems are crucial for delivering active compounds.
• These systems leverage unique structural and functional properties of proteins.
• Understanding interaction mechanisms is key to optimizing carrier performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review protein-based encapsulation systems.
• To focus on unary, binary, and ternary systems' characteristics and interactions.
• To provide a theoretical foundation for designing advanced composite systems.

Main Methods:

• Review of fundamental characteristics of protein encapsulation systems.
• Analysis of interaction mechanisms (covalent and non-covalent).
• Examination of encapsulation methods for unary, binary, and ternary systems.

Main Results:

• Unary systems have straightforward mechanisms but limited capacity and responsiveness.
• Binary systems enhance stability and loading efficiency via synergistic interactions.
• Ternary systems improve sustained release through multiphase interfacial interactions.

Conclusions:

• Protein encapsulation systems offer tunable loading and release of active compounds.
• Further research is needed to address manufacturing complexity and environmental adaptability.
• Optimized design of functional composite systems requires in-depth study of intermolecular interactions.