A dual self-attentive transformer U-Net model for precise pancreatic segmentation and fat fraction estimation

Accurately segmenting the pancreas from abdominal computed tomography (CT) images is crucial for detecting and managing pancreatic diseases, such as diabetes and tumors. Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome are associated with pancreatic fat accumulation. Calculating the fat fraction aids in the investigation of β-cell malfunction and insulin resistance. The most widely used pancreas segmentation technique is a U-shaped network based on deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs). They struggle to capture long-range biases in an image because they rely on local receptive fields. This research proposes a novel dual Self-attentive Transformer Unet (DSTUnet) model for accurate pancreatic segmentation, addressing this problem. This model incorporates dual self-attention Swin transformers on both the encoder and decoder sides to facilitate global context extraction and refine candidate regions. After segmenting the pancreas using a DSTUnet, a histogram analysis is used to estimate the fat fraction. The suggested method demonstrated excellent performance on the standard dataset, achieving a DSC of 93.7% and an HD of 2.7 mm. The average volume of the pancreas was 92.42, and its fat volume fraction (FVF) was 13.37%.