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The Waterloo Differential Acuity Test (WatDAT)-Testability and normative data
S Aryal1, E L Irving1, L W Christian1
1School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Summary
The WatDAT House/Circle (HC) demonstrated superior testability for measuring visual acuity (VA) in young children compared to other methods. Visual acuity improved with age in children aged 18-47 months.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Optometry
- Vision Science
Background:
- Accurate visual acuity (VA) assessment in young children is crucial for early detection of visual impairments.
- Existing methods for measuring VA in toddlers and preschoolers can be challenging due to cooperation and attention spans.
- The WatDAT (Visual Acuity Test) is a novel tool designed for assessing recognition VA in this age group.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the testability of the WatDAT House/Circle (HC) and WatDAT Faces for measuring recognition visual acuity (VA) in children aged 18 to 48 months.
- To collect preliminary age-related VA data for children within this age range.
- To compare the testability and performance of the WatDAT with two commercially available matching visual acuity tests: Patti Pics and Kay Pictures.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 57 children (18.5-45.8 months) participated in two testing sessions.
- Children were categorized into typical (n=46) and atypical (n=11) groups based on health history and prematurity.
- Binocular and monocular VA was assessed using WatDAT HC and WatDAT Faces; binocular VA was also assessed using Patti Pics and Kay Pictures. Testability (percentage completing the test) and VA were recorded.
Main Results:
- The WatDAT HC achieved the highest testability for binocular testing in typical children (96%), followed by WatDAT Faces (86%), Kay Pictures (80%), and Patti Pics (75%).
- WatDAT HC showed significantly better testability than Patti Pics and Kay Pictures (p=0.03).
- Visual acuity improved with increasing age across all tested measures, with no significant difference in binocular VA between WatDAT HC and WatDAT Faces (p=0.07).
Conclusions:
- The WatDAT HC exhibits excellent testability in young children, outperforming Patti Pics and Kay Pictures, particularly for younger age groups.
- The WatDAT HC is a viable and effective tool for assessing visual acuity in toddlers and preschoolers.
- The study confirms that visual acuity measurement improves with age in children from 18 to 47 months.
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