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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

460
Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...
460
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR01:15

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR

1.2K
The axial and equatorial protons in cyclohexane can be distinguished by performing a variable-temperature NMR experiment. In this process, except for one proton, the remaining eleven protons are replaced by deuterium. The deuterium substitution avoids the possible peak splitting caused by the spin-spin coupling between the adjacent protons. The remaining proton flips between the axial and equatorial positions.
1.2K
Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling01:11

Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling

3.1K
The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the...
3.1K
Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

31.8K
Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
31.8K
Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate02:55

Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate

83.6K
The Collision Theory
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
83.6K

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Nanostructured Ag-zeolite Composites as Luminescence-based Humidity Sensors
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Azobenzene protonation as a tool for temperature sensing.

Antti Siiskonen1, Sami Vesamäki1, Arri Priimagi1

  • 1Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, FI-33720 Tampere, Finland.

Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry
|August 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Azobenzene protonation shows a strong temperature dependence in 1,2-dichloroethane. This finding highlights azobenzenes as potential components for novel temperature sensors, guiding future sensor design.

Keywords:
azobenzeneprotonationsensingspectral changestemperature

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Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy
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Determination of the Photoisomerization Quantum Yield of a Hydrazone Photoswitch
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Area of Science:

  • Photochemistry
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Azobenzene protonation alters absorption and photochemical properties.
  • Protonation is key in azobenzene photoswitching but factors influencing it are understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate temperature dependence of azobenzene protonation.
  • Explore azobenzene-acid interactions for temperature sensing applications.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental studies in 1,2-dichloroethane.
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Main Results:

  • A significant temperature dependence of azobenzene protonation was observed.
  • DFT calculations elucidated azobenzene-acid interaction mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Azobenzene protonation is temperature-sensitive, enabling potential temperature sensing.
  • Findings guide the rational design of azobenzene-based temperature sensors.