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Related Concept Videos

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy01:20

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

To be visualized by an electron microscope, either transmission or scanning, biological samples need to be fixed (stabilized) so the electron beam does not destroy them and dried thoroughly (desiccated/dehydrated) so the vacuum does not affect them. Fixation needs to be done as quickly as possible because the sample properties will start changing as soon as it is removed from its natural environment. For example, in a tissue sample, the oxygen levels begin decreasing, causing an altered...

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Hydrogel-Based Hybrid Microcavity for a Plasmonic-Enhanced Laser Sensor.

Shuai Zhang1, Matias Paatelainen1, Arri Priimagi1

  • 1Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33101, Finland.

ACS Sensors
|December 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a novel hydrogel microfiber laser with plasmonic nanoparticles for ultrasensitive humidity sensing. This smart photonic device offers single-mode operation and rapid response times, advancing sensor technology.

Keywords:
humidity sensorhybrid microcavityhydrogel fiberlasinglocalized surface plasmon resonance

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Materials Science
  • Optoelectronics and Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Hybrid microcavity systems integrate optical resonators with responsive materials for tunable photonic devices.
  • Hydrogel-based microfibers offer unique properties for optical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a hydrogel-based microfiber laser enhanced by plasmonic nanoparticles.
  • To achieve single-mode operation with high sensitivity for photonic sensors.
  • To investigate the interplay between microcavity modes and scattering in hydrogel microfibers.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a hydrogel microfiber laser incorporating plasmonic nanoparticles.
  • Utilizing the microfiber geometry for whispering-gallery modes and random lasing.
  • Tuning microfiber diameter to study mode-scattering interactions.
  • Employing localized surface plasmon resonances for single-mode control.

Main Results:

  • Achieved single-mode operation in the hydrogel microfiber laser.
  • Demonstrated high humidity responsiveness with a sensitivity of 10^3 pm/% RH.
  • Observed a rapid response time of 3.2 µs.
  • Confirmed operational stability of the photonic sensor.

Conclusions:

  • The developed hydrogel microfiber laser is a versatile platform for ultrasensitive photonic sensors.
  • Integrating smart materials with microcavities advances the development of responsive photonic devices.
  • Plasmonic nanoparticle enhancement enables precise control over lasing modes.