[Rhino-sinusal mucormycosis in a solid organ transplant recipient]

We report on a 46-year-old female patient with a recent history of kidney transplantation who presented with acute sinusitis. Further investigation revealed rhino-sinusal mucormycosis. Surgical debridement and a five-month antifungal treatment along with the cessation of the immunosuppressive therapy were needed. This approach led to clinical improvement but unfortunately resulted in the loss of the allograft. More than two years after this infection, the clinical and endoscopic outcomes remain favourable. Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic infection caused by fungi of the Mucorales order, characterized by angio-invasive properties that lead to thrombosis, necrosis and infarction of the affected tissues. Diagnosis primarily relies on imaging, microbiological studies and histopathological examination. Early detection and prompt management are crucial given the poor prognosis of mucormycosis. Treatment involves a combination of surgical debridement, antifungal therapy and management of risk factors such as immunosuppression. Despite an appropriate treatment, mucormycosis remains a serious and potentially life-threatening condition.