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Defected ground structure antenna array with metasurface inspired interlinked CSRR for 5G millimeter wave
Esraa Mousa Ali1, Mohammad Alibakhshikenari2,3, Nouf Abd Elmunim4
1Communications and Computer Engineering Department, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19111, Jordan.
Scientific Reports
|August 6, 2025
Summary
This study presents a compact antenna array for 5G millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) applications, achieving a 12.4 dBi gain and 86.25% efficiency. Integrated techniques like Defected Ground Structure (DGS) and complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) enhance bandwidth and performance.
Area of Science:
- Electrical Engineering
- Electromagnetics
- Antenna Theory
Background:
- 5G technology requires high-performance antennas for millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) frequencies.
- Existing antenna designs often face limitations in bandwidth, gain, and efficiency for mm-Wave applications.
- Optimization of antenna arrays is crucial for enabling advanced wireless communication systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce a novel, high-performance antenna array optimized for 5G mm-Wave applications.
- To enhance antenna performance metrics including bandwidth, impedance matching, isolation, radiation gain, and efficiency.
- To develop a compact, lightweight, and cost-effective antenna solution for mm-Wave systems.
Main Methods:
- Integration of a Defected Ground Structure (DGS) with complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) inspired by metasurface (MTS) principles.
- Inclusion of oblique slots at the ground plane's corners to improve impedance matching and isolation.
- Utilization of slotted radiation patches to optimize radiation gain and efficiency.
- Iterative design and simulation process to achieve desired performance characteristics.
Main Results:
- The antenna array operates efficiently within the 25-30 GHz frequency range.
- Defected Ground Structure (DGS) with CSRRs broadened bandwidth to 25-30 GHz, increasing average gain to 7.75 dBi and efficiency to 68.75%.
- Further integration of oblique slots and open-loop slots in radiating patches resulted in a final average gain of 12.4 dBi and efficiency of 86.25%.
- The optimized antenna array measures a compact 32 × 32 × 0.8 mm³.
Conclusions:
- The proposed antenna array demonstrates significant improvements in radiation gain and efficiency.
- The integrated techniques effectively enhance performance without increasing the physical size of the antenna.
- The developed antenna array is a practical and cost-effective solution for 5G and other mm-Wave applications.
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