Fracture Risk of Endodontic Files: Clinical Analysis of Reciproc and X1 Blue After Multiple Uses

This retrospective study assessed the fracture incidence of Reciproc R25 and X1 Blue 25.06 files after up to three uses in 1720 root canals (1620 teeth) treated by a specialist. A standardised protocol was followed for all procedures. Periapical radiographs with the fractured instrument were used to evaluate the fragment's location and size and to determine the root curvature's angle. Data included fracture site (apical, middle, coronal) and management (removal, bypass or retention). Files were inspected post-use; non-deformed ones were sterilised and reused. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using STATA 14. Among 1317 canals treated with R25 and 403 with X1 Blue, six fractures occurred: four R25 (0.3%) and two X1 Blue (0.5%). Four fractures were in molars, all in the apical third. Two fragments were bypassed, one removed, and three retained. Results indicate low fracture rates for both file systems, even with repeated use in primary treatments.