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Feline systemic reactive angioendotheliomatosis with hypercalcaemia
Stefano Espenica1, Edward Bellamy1, Shauna Hilton2
1DWR Veterinary Specialists, part of Linnaeus Veterinary Limited, Cambridgeshire, UK.
JFMS Open Reports
|August 6, 2025
Summary
This case report details feline systemic reactive angioendotheliomatosis in a cat presenting with severe illness. The findings suggest a potential link between this rare vascular condition and hypercalcemia.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Oncology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Feline systemic reactive angioendotheliomatosis (FSRA) is a rare vascular proliferation disorder in cats.
- Understanding the clinical presentation and histopathological features of FSRA is crucial for diagnosis.
Observation:
- A 3-year-old domestic shorthair cat presented with progressive hyporexia, vomiting, lethargy, and dyspnea.
- Physical examination revealed a cranial cutaneous lesion, altered mentation, tachycardia, and metabolic abnormalities including hypercalcemia, hyperlactatemia, and hyperglycemia.
- Post-mortem examination identified vascular lesions in multiple organs, characterized by atypical endothelial cell proliferation, thrombosis, and perivascular edema.
Findings:
- Histopathology confirmed multifocal intraluminal and mural proliferations of atypical endothelial cells.
- Immunohistochemistry revealed factor VIII positivity in 50% of proliferating cells, supporting endothelial origin.
- Negative PCR for Bartonella species ruled out a common infectious etiology.
Implications:
- This case contributes to the literature on FSRA, highlighting its association with severe clinical signs and hypercalcemia.
- The findings underscore the importance of considering FSRA in cats with unexplained vascular lesions and metabolic disturbances.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the pathogenesis and potential treatment strategies for FSRA.
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