Extracellular Vesicles From Limosilactobacillus johnsonii Enhance Milk Fat Synthesis by Inducing CD36 Dynamic...

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Animal Physiology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Mammalian lactation is crucial for offspring survival, relying on efficient milk production.
• Gut microorganisms and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) influence host physiology, including metabolic processes.
• The gut-mammary gland axis is an emerging area of research in lactation regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the role of gut microbiota, particularly Limosilactobacillus johnsonii, in regulating lactation performance.
• To explore the mechanisms by which L. johnsonii-derived EVs impact milk fat synthesis.
• To elucidate the gut-mammary gland axis in the context of nutrient transfer and offspring development.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a mouse model to study the effects of L. johnsonii on lactation.
• Analyzed the composition and function of L. johnsonii-derived EVs.
• Investigated molecular mechanisms involving CD36 palmitoylation and PPARγ activation in mammary epithelial cells.

Main Results:

• Limosilactobacillus johnsonii was associated with enhanced milk fat synthesis.
• L. johnsonii-derived EVs significantly improved mammary gland function, increasing milk fat content.
• EV-derived palmitic acid induced CD36 palmitoylation, facilitating fatty acid uptake and activating PPARγ, thereby promoting milk fat synthesis.
• Improved milk fat content led to enhanced pup growth.

Conclusions:

• L. johnsonii and its EVs play a significant role in promoting milk fat synthesis through a specific molecular pathway.
• The findings highlight the importance of the gut-mammary gland axis in regulating lactation and nutrient provision.
• This research offers potential strategies for improving lactation performance through microbial interventions.