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Published on: September 20, 2018
Geographic Disparities by Income in Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy Locations in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Stephanie Regis1, Takshaka Patel2, Emily Rockenbach1
1Temple University, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Background:
Pelvic floor dysfunction impacts 1 in 4 women and can be disabling. Colorectal surgeons treat many of these conditions, including fecal incontinence, pelvic constipation, and rectal prolapse. Pelvic floor physical therapy can be an effective nonsurgical treatment for pelvic floor dysfunction. However, utilization remains limited, with insurance noncoverage, geographic constraints, and lack of availability cited as barriers to care.
Objective:
Evaluate the relationship between income and geographic distance to pelvic floor physical therapy locations in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a socioeconomically diverse city.
Design:
Pelvic floor physical therapy offices within Philadelphia were identified and contacted by telephone. A semistructured script was used to interview staff and obtain characteristics of each site and its treated patients. We used census tracts as a geographic unit and calculated the distance of each tract to the nearest pelvic floor physical therapy location. We used linear regression to identify the association of median income with distance to the nearest physical therapy location, adjusting for the population size of each tract.
Settings:
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Main Outcome Measures:
Distance of each census tract to the nearest pelvic floor physical therapy location.
Results:
Nineteen sites offered pelvic floor physical therapy, primarily located in areas of high median income. Distance to a pelvic floor physical therapist decreased as median income increased. People from the lowest quartile of income lived farthest from a physical therapy location (2.1 miles) compared to people from the highest quartile (1.0 miles, p < 0.001). Urogynecologic or postpartum conditions were treated most often, with only 3 sites reporting expertise in anorectal disease.
Limitations:
Generalizability given focus on a single city.
Conclusions:
Pelvic floor physical therapy remains underused and primarily focused on urogynecologic and postpartum conditions. In Philadelphia, we found that pelvic floor physical therapy was primarily located in areas of high median income, suggesting geographic access barriers for poorer patients. See Video Abstract .
Disparidades Geogrficas Segn Los Ingresos En Los Centros De Fisioterapia Del Suelo Plvico En Filadelfia, Pensilvania:
ANTECEDENTES:La disfunción del suelo pélvico afecta a 1 de cada 4 mujeres y puede ser incapacitante. Los cirujanos colorrectales tratan muchas de estas afecciones, entre ellas la incontinencia fecal, el estreñimiento pélvico y el prolapso rectal. La fisioterapia del suelo pélvico puede ser un tratamiento no quirúrgico eficaz para la disfunción del suelo pélvico. Sin embargo, su utilización sigue siendo limitada, y la falta de cobertura de los seguros, las restricciones geográficas y la falta de disponibilidad se citan como obstáculos para la atención.OBJETIVO:Evaluar la relación entre los ingresos y la distancia geográfica a los centros de fisioterapia del suelo pélvico en Filadelfia, Pensilvania, una ciudad con gran diversidad socioeconómica.DISEÑO:Se identificaron los centros de fisioterapia del suelo pélvico en Filadelfia y se contactó con ellos por teléfono. Se utilizó un guion semiestructurado para entrevistar al personal y obtener las características de cada centro y de los pacientes tratados. Utilizamos los distritos censales como unidad geográfica y calculamos la distancia de cada distrito al centro de fisioterapia del suelo pélvico más cercano. Utilizamos una regresión lineal para identificar la asociación entre la renta media y la distancia al centro de fisioterapia más cercano, ajustando el tamaño de la población de cada distrito.ENTORNO:Filadelfia, Pensilvania.PPRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Distancia de cada distrito censal al centro de fisioterapia del suelo pélvico más cercano.RESULTADOS:Diecinueve centros ofrecían fisioterapia del suelo pélvico, principalmente en zonas con una renta media alta. La distancia a un fisioterapeuta del suelo pélvico disminuía a medida que aumentaba la renta media. Las personas del cuartil de ingresos más bajo vivían más lejos de un centro de fisioterapia (3,4 km), en comparación con las personas del cuartil más alto (1,6 km, p < 0,001). Las afecciones uroginecológicas o posparto fueron las más tratadas, y solo tres centros informaron de experiencia en enfermedades anorrectales.LIMITACIONES:Generalización dada la atención prestada a una sola ciudad.CONCLUSIONES:La fisioterapia del suelo pélvico sigue estando infrautilizada y se centra principalmente en afecciones uroginecológicas y posparto. En Filadelfia, observamos que la fisioterapia del suelo pélvico se encontraba principalmente en zonas con ingresos medios elevados, lo que sugiere que existen barreras geográficas de acceso para los pacientes más pobres. (AI-generated translation ).
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