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Related Concept Videos

Phases of Wound Repair01:28

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Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
Formation of Blood Clot
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Fibril-associated collagens are a type of collagens present in the extracellular matrix with interrupted triple helices or FACIT (Fibril-associated collagens interrupted triple-helices). FACIT help connect and attach the collagen fibrils with each other as well as with other proteins of the extracellular matrix.
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Type III Collagen Promotes a Pro-Fibrotic Microenvironment for In Vitro Tendon Healing Microphysiological Systems.

Victor Z Zhang1,2, Tresa Elias2, Mariana Rodriguez3

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.

Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society
|April 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Type III collagen in tendon healing models promotes fibrosis by altering cell behavior and increasing vascularization. This finding enhances microphysiological systems for antifibrotic drug development.

Keywords:
inflammationmicrophysiological systemtendon fibrosistendon vascularizationtype III collagen

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Tendon healing involves complex cellular and extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions.
  • Fibrosis and scarring impede effective tendon repair, necessitating better models for therapeutic development.
  • Microphysiological systems, like Tendon-on-Chips, offer promising avenues for studying tendon healing and fibrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of type III collagen in inflammatory fibrosis during tendon healing.
  • To evaluate the structural and biological effects of altered type III collagen ratios in an in vitro hydrogel model.

Main Methods:

  • Creation of in vitro collagen hydrogel models with varying ratios of type I and type III collagen (5% vs. 20% type III).
  • Assessment of hydrogel structural properties, including fibril and pore size.
  • Evaluation of cellular responses, including myofibroblast contractility, monocyte migration, and endothelial cell angiogenic sprouting.

Main Results:

  • Hydrogels with higher type III collagen (20%) exhibited smaller fibrils and pores compared to those with lower type III collagen (5%).
  • Increased type III collagen significantly reduced myofibroblast contractility and hindered monocyte migration.
  • Endothelial cells showed enhanced angiogenic sprouting and microvascular network formation in high type III collagen hydrogels.

Conclusions:

  • Type III collagen significantly influences the cellular microenvironment in tendon healing models, promoting a fibrotic and vascularized phenotype.
  • Simulating fibrotic ECM using type III collagen improves the accuracy of tendon microphysiological systems.
  • These findings support the development of more effective antifibrotic therapeutics for tendon injuries.