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Combining Microfluidics and Microrheology to Determine Rheological Properties of Soft Matter during Repeated Phase Transitions

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Published on: April 19, 2018

Dense suspensions as trainable rheological metafluids.

Hojin Kim^1,2, Samantha M Livermore^1,3, Stuart J Rowan^2,4

¹James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|August 6, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed trainable metafluids using dense suspensions. These suspensions exhibit multiple stress-adaptive memories, allowing them to stiffen or soften in response to applied stress for enhanced performance.

Keywords:

dense suspensions metafluids non-Newtonian rheology

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Rheology
Soft Matter Physics

Background:

Adaptive material performance can be enhanced by memory effects.
Dense suspensions typically exhibit limited memory, hindering sustained adaptive behavior.
Non-Newtonian rheology in suspensions enables stress-adaptive responses.

Purpose of the Study:

To design dense suspensions with multiple, distinct stress-activated memories.
To enable suspensions to adaptively stiffen or soften based on stress levels.
To explore the concept of trainable rheological metafluids.

Main Methods:

Designing suspensions with dual particle interactions: frictional contact and dynamic chemical bridging.
Investigating the interplay between these interactions to create stress-dependent memory effects.
Characterizing the rheological response, including viscosity and energy dissipation, under varying stress conditions.

Main Results:

Demonstrated that different stress levels can trigger distinct memory responses in dense suspensions.
Showcased suspensions that can be trained to either soften or stiffen adaptively.
Observed targeted viscosity and energy dissipation in response to low-velocity impacts.

Conclusions:

Dense suspensions can be engineered to possess multiple, stress-activated memories.
This multi-memory characteristic allows for trainable rheological behavior, akin to mechanical metamaterials.
The developed suspensions can be considered trainable rheological metafluids, opening new avenues for adaptive materials.