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Baseline-free delamination detection in CFRP composites using guided wave-based virtual sensing paths.

Kai Luo1, Lin Ye1, Samir Mustapha2

  • 1Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing for Continuous Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composites, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; School of Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing (AIM), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.

Ultrasonics
|August 6, 2025
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Summary

A new method, MRW-RAPID, detects delamination in composites without a baseline. It uses virtual sensors and reflected waves for accurate damage localization, enhancing structural health monitoring.

Keywords:
Baseline-freeCompositesDamage localizationDelaminationGuided wavesVirtual sensing paths

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Structural Health Monitoring
  • Non-Destructive Testing

Background:

  • Delamination in carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites poses significant risks to structural integrity.
  • Existing damage localization methods often require a baseline for comparison, limiting their practical application.
  • Effective structural health monitoring (SHM) requires reliable and baseline-free damage detection techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel baseline-free damage localization method for detecting delamination in CFRP composites.
  • To enhance the accuracy and reliability of damage detection by incorporating multipath reflected waves.
  • To establish a practical and scalable approach for SHM of composite structures.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the multipath reflected wave reconstruction algorithm for probabilistic inspection of damage (MRW-RAPID).
  • Creation of virtual sensors using boundary mirroring to simulate reflected guided waves.
  • Integration of virtual sensing paths with direct sensing paths for improved damage localization.
  • Development of a multipath baseline-free damage index calculation method based on reciprocity and ray tracing.

Main Results:

  • MRW-RAPID demonstrated significant improvement in damage localization performance without requiring a baseline.
  • The method accurately and reliably localized delamination damage using only four sensors in experimental validation.
  • Fusion of multipath damage indices enhanced the detection and localization capabilities for composite delamination.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed MRW-RAPID is an effective, practical, and scalable baseline-free method for delamination detection in CFRP composites.
  • The integration of virtual sensors and multipath analysis overcomes limitations of traditional methods.
  • This advancement contributes to the state-of-the-art in structural health monitoring for composite materials.