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Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) are grounded in the belief that our thoughts profoundly influence our emotions and actions. Advocates of CBT emphasize three core assumptions: first, that cognitions are identifiable and measurable; second, that they are central to psychological functioning; and third, that irrational or maladaptive beliefs can be replaced with rational and adaptive ones. This transformative approach to therapy has paved the way for specific models such as Albert...
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Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
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Couples therapy is a therapeutic approach designed to help individuals in intimate relationships address conflicts, improve communication, and foster healthier dynamics. It is appropriate for couples at various stages, including those who are dating, married, or in long-term partnerships, and aims to support partners in navigating their unique relational challenges.
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Preparing for cognitive behavioural therapy: a Delphi exercise to develop a consensus curriculum.

Louise Turtle1, Nathan Hodson2, Helen Wesson1

  • 1University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.

BMJ Open
|August 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A consensus curriculum was developed to inform patients about cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) before treatment. This aims to improve engagement and outcomes for over one million people who disengage from NHS Talking Therapies annually.

Keywords:
Adult psychiatryAnxiety disordersDepression & mood disordersPSYCHIATRYPUBLIC HEALTH

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Area of Science:

  • Psychological Therapies
  • Mental Healthcare Delivery

Background:

  • High disengagement rates (over 1 million annually) from NHS Talking Therapies services highlight a need for improved patient preparation.
  • Inadequate pre-treatment information may contribute to patient dropout before or during cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a consensus-based curriculum detailing essential information for service users prior to commencing CBT.
  • To enhance patient understanding and readiness for CBT, thereby potentially improving engagement and therapeutic outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A Delphi study involving 41 participants with clinical or leadership experience in NHS Talking Therapies services was conducted.
  • Three survey rounds were employed, aiming for 90% consensus on 80% of statements until a final curriculum was established.

Main Results:

  • A consensus curriculum comprising 27 statements across six key domains was developed.
  • The domains covered: Emergency information, What is CBT?, Practical preparation, Session structure, What CBT is not, and Maximizing CBT benefits.

Conclusions:

  • The developed curriculum provides a foundational framework for adequately preparing patients for CBT within NHS Talking Therapies.
  • Future research should consider these 27 topics to address engagement and outcome improvements in mental health services.