CAS-Colon: A Comprehensive Colonoscopy Anatomical Segmentation Dataset for Artificial Intelligence Development

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds immense potential to transform gastrointestinal endoscopy by reducing manual workload and enhancing procedural efficiency. However, the development of robust AI algorithms is hindered by limited access to high-quality medical datasets and the labor-intensive nature of data annotation. Here, we present CAS-Colon, a novel dataset comprising 78 high-resolution colonoscopy videos captured during the withdrawal phase. Each video is meticulously annotated with ten distinct anatomical regions and accompanied by comprehensive metadata. To our knowledge, CAS-Colon represents the largest and most detailed colonoscopy anatomical segmentation dataset available. This resource aims to accelerate the development of advanced AI algorithms and unlock the full potential of colonoscopy technology.