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Applying Gamification Principles to a Mhealth App to Support Adherence to Hiv Medication in a Resource-Limited
Martin C Were1, Leslie J Pierce2, Ifeoma Idigbe3
1Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA.
Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
|August 8, 2025
Summary
This study developed PEERNaija, a gamified mobile app, to improve medication adherence for youth living with HIV (YLWH) in Nigeria. The app uses engaging features to encourage consistent treatment, crucial for managing HIV.
Area of Science:
- Digital Health
- HIV/AIDS Research
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Medication adherence is critical for managing HIV, yet many youth living with HIV (YLWH) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) struggle with low adherence rates.
- Low adherence is linked to increased mortality and morbidity in people living with HIV.
- Existing interventions may not adequately address the unique needs and contexts of YLWH in LMICs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To detail the development of a gamified mobile application, PEERNaija, designed to enhance medication adherence among YLWH in Nigeria.
- To employ a user-centered and culturally relevant approach incorporating gamification principles to improve engagement and adherence.
- To support YLWH in achieving optimal adherence levels for effective HIV disease management.
Main Methods:
- Utilized gamification principles informed by theory, existing applications, focus group discussions, and wireframe feedback.
- Incorporated a 6-month end-user testing and feedback period for iterative revisions.
- Key features included personalization, points, progress tracking, leaderboards, achievements, and normative messaging.
Main Results:
- Developed a culturally relevant mobile application (PEERNaija) appealing to YLWH.
- The app successfully encouraged users to take and log medications.
- Gamification elements incentivized users to reach target adherence levels for HIV control.
Conclusions:
- A user-centered, gamified approach can effectively enhance medication adherence in YLWH within a specific cultural context.
- PEERNaija demonstrates the potential of digital health interventions to improve HIV treatment outcomes in LMICs.
- Further evaluation of the intervention's impact is ongoing.
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