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Related Experiment Videos

A case of lambda type tetramer Bence-Jones proteinemia.

M Kozuru, H Benoki, H Sugimoto

    Acta Haematologica
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details a myeloma patient with extramedullary plasmacytoma and high bone marrow plasmacytosis. The patient exclusively produced monoclonal lambda chains, with no Bence-Jones protein detected in urine.

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    Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)·1992

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Immunology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells.
    • Extramedullary plasmacytoma indicates cancer spread outside the bone marrow.
    • Monoclonal proteins are key diagnostic markers in myeloma.

    Observation:

    • A 50-year-old woman presented with thoracic vertebral extramedullary plasmacytoma and 72% bone marrow plasmacytosis.
    • Serum analysis revealed an M-bow precipitin line exclusively with anti-lambda chain antiserum.
    • No M-bow precipitin lines were observed with antisera against other immunoglobulin heavy and light chains (mu, alpha, gamma, delta, epsilon, kappa).

    Findings:

    • Gel filtration identified a monoclonal lambda chain in the A-fraction of the patient's serum.
    • This monoclonal lambda chain co-eluted with transferrin.
    • The estimated molecular weight was 88,000, suggesting a tetrameric light chain structure.

    Implications:

    • This case highlights a rare presentation of multiple myeloma.
    • The exclusive detection of lambda light chains is crucial for understanding the specific B-cell clone involved.
    • Absence of urinary Bence-Jones protein in the presence of serum monoclonal lambda chains warrants further investigation into renal handling of light chains.

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