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Dysmasema: Persistent Decline in Masticatory Function Related to Aging and Systemic Factors.

Chia-Shu Lin1, Ta-Chung Chen2

  • 1Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.

International Dental Journal
|August 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Persistent masticatory dysfunction in older adults, termed Dysmasema, may persist despite dental treatment due to systemic factors and aging. This condition links poor chewing performance, eating difficulties, and malnutrition in elderly patients.

Keywords:
Eating difficultyGeriatricsMasticationMasticatory performanceOral health

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Oral Health
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Masticatory dysfunction is often linked to oral diseases and improves with treatment.
  • Older adults with systemic diseases may experience persistent masticatory dysfunction even after dental care.
  • Existing treatments may be insufficient for masticatory dysfunction influenced by systemic factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on masticatory dysfunction related to systemic factors in older adults.
  • To propose a new concept, Dysmasema, for persistent masticatory dysfunction.
  • To identify key elements for diagnosing Dysmasema.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing research.
  • Analysis of clinical, epidemiological, and pathological data.
  • Synthesis of factors contributing to persistent masticatory dysfunction.

Main Results:

  • Masticatory dysfunction can be refractory to dental treatment in older adults with systemic conditions.
  • Dysmasema is proposed as a persistent condition associated with aging and systemic factors.
  • Key indicators for Dysmasema include low masticatory performance, subjective eating difficulty, and poor nutritional status.

Conclusions:

  • Dysmasema offers a new framework for understanding persistent masticatory dysfunction in older adults.
  • Linking masticatory dysfunction with systemic factors aids precise diagnosis and treatment planning.
  • This concept supports improved care for elderly patients experiencing chewing difficulties.